PMC

Changes in the serum levels of CXCL-1, CXCL-2 and CCL-2 in intraperitoneally administrated GdCl₃ or Zymosan rats by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) measurement. (A) CXCL-1 levels in the serum of intraperitoneally administrated GdCl₃ or Zymosan rats. Zymosan treated rats shows pronounced CXCL-1 serum levels at 3 h than GdCl₃ treated rats. (B) CXCL-2 levels in the serum of GdCl₃ and Zymosan treated rats. Zymosan treated rats shows pronounced CXCL-2 serum levels at 3 h than GdCl₃ treated rats. (C) CCL-2 levels in the serum of GdCl₃ and Zymosan treated rats. Zymosan treated rats shows pronounced CCL-2 serum levels at 3 h, while in GdCl₃ treated rats increased slightly at 6 h. Values on the y-axis show the serum concentration of CXCL-1, CXCL-2 and CCL2 measured with ELISA. These results are representative of six animal series (* p < 0.05; mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM)).

SAA3 is a biomarker of inflammatory arthritis remission in SKG mice. A, Relative RNA expression of SAA3 in PBMCs as determined by qRT-PCR in untreated SKG mice (SKG, n= 5; circle), pregnancy only (SKG+P, n=3; open circle), zymosan-treated (SKG+Z, n=9; triangle pointed up), zymosan-treated pregnant partially-remitted (SKG+Z+P (PR), n=3; open triangle pointed down) and zymosan-treated pregnant remitted (SKG+Z+P(R), n=3; open diamond) on E14.5. B, SAA3 plasma concentrations as determined by ELISA in untreated SKG mice (SKG, n= 6; circle), pregnancy only (SKG+P, n=6; open circle), zymosan-treated (SKG+Z, n=20; triangle pointed up), zymosan-treated pregnant nonremitted (SKG+Z+P(NR), n=4; open triangle pointed up), zymosan-treated pregnant partially-remitted (SKG+Z+P(PR), n=4; open triangle pointed down) and zymosan-treated pregnant remitted (SKG+Z+P(R), n=5; open diamond) on E14.5. C, Correlation of relative RNA expression of SAA3 in PBMCs and concentrations of SAA3 in plasma. D, Correlation of arthritis score and plasma concentration of SAA3. Symbols in panels C and D correspond with groups defined in panels A and B. (*p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001).

Expression of wcaD in complement-depleted serum. Analysis of wcaD expression was carried out by qRT-PCR with cDNA prepared from bacteria incubated in NHS, HIS, and zymosan-treated serum.

Serum TNF-α level in zymosan-treated (Z) and melanoma-bearing (M) mice. Serum TNF-α measured by ELISA was determined in control untreated mice, M, Z and zymosan-treated (10 μg, i.p.) melanoma-bearing (ZM) mice. The results are presented as means ± SD of 5 mice in each group. ⁺P < 0.05 compared with control group, *P < 0.05 compared with M mice, ^#P < 0.05 compared with ZM, ^XP < 0.05 compared with Z mice